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How to Propagate a Rosemary Plant from Stem Cuttings

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Fresh rosemary is one of the most flavorful and fragrant herbs in the kitchen. Learn how to take rosemary cuttings from an established mother plant and grow new plants in containers that can be moved outside in summer and indoors in winter.

image of a young rosemary plant in terracotta pot

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) is a perennial herb in USDA Hardiness Zones 8 and warmer where it can be planted in the garden and can grow 4 feet tall and spreads about 4 feet wide depending on the variety.

For those of us gardening in colder zones, growing rosemary in containers allows us to bring it in during the winter to keep it alive.

My rosemary plant is going on seven years old this year. It grows in a container spends the summer outside on the porch. The rosemary plant is brought inside when the weather turns cold in fall, and it overwinters on a south-facing windowsill.

By the time spring rolls around, the rosemary usually looks raggedy from reduced light and heat fluctuations. Sometimes so many needles dry up and drop off that I wonder if it can possibly survive.

Once warmer weather arrives, the rosemary plant is hardened off, and returned outside for summer. After only a few weeks, it begins to grow new shoots, and the branches fill in with thicker foliage. I am amazed every time it happens.

This is the perfect time to start a new batch of plants. These fresh, green stems are the ones you want to select for softwood stem cuttings.

image closeup of rosemary stems

Benefits of Growing Rosemary Plants from Stem Cuttings

Instead of purchasing a new rosemary plant every year or starting new plants from seeds, try growing your own from stem cuttings. Some of the benefits of growing rosemary from cuttings vs. starting from seeds include:

  • Earlier Harvest: A rooted rosemary plant from a cutting will mature quicker than a plant started from seed. Rosemary seeds tend to have low germination rates and take a long time to sprout and grow. A rosemary stem cutting will reach a usable size in just a few months, so you will be able to harvest rosemary sooner.
  • Same as the Mother Plant: The rosemary plant you will grow from cuttings will be an exact clone of the mother plant and have the same flavor, disease resistance, and growth.
  • Extra Plants for Free: A single plant can provide numerous cuttings without risking the health of the plant. So you can line your kitchen windowsill with several plants that will smell wonderful when you brush your hand against them.

How to Grow Rosemary from Cuttings

Here are steps to taking rosemary cuttings from an established mother plant and grow new rosemary plants in containers that can be moved outside in summer and indoors in winter.

Step 1: Select new shoots from the mother plant

Choose healthy stems with fresh growth. The younger shoots will have green stems that are flexible. Avoid older brown, woody stems.

image of fresh green shoots on a rosemary plant

Step 2: Take stem cuttings

Use sharp scissors and snip the rosemary stem about 5 to 6-inches back from a fresh growing tip. Cut plenty of extra stems in case some fail to grow roots.

three rosemary stem cuttings on a table

Step 3: Strip the lower leaves

Grasp your fingers around the stem, and gently strip off the lower 2-inches of needles from the stem of the rosemary cutting.

image of hands removing the lower leaves of a rosemary stem

Step 4: Place cuttings in water

Stick the stems in a jar of water and place the jar in a warm place away from direct sunlight. Change the water every couple days, replacing with room temperature water. The fresh water provides dissolved oxygen and prevents the cuttings from rotting.

image of a jar of water with three rosemary stems

The rosemary stem cuttings should grow roots in a few weeks depending on the temperature. It can take longer in colder temperatures. After 4 to 8 weeks it should be apparent if the rosemary cuttings have survived. The cuttings that do not survive will be brown and shed needles. If your rosemary cutting is still alive, give it some more time.

Step 5: Pot up the stem cuttings once roots develop

Your rosemary cuttings are ready to place in soil when you see 4 to 6 roots on each stem that are at least 1/2-inch long. Use a sandy soil mix that drains well. Mix equal parts all-purpose potting soil and sharp sand. Or use cactus-potting soil. Use a sandy soil mix that drains well. Mix equal parts all-purpose potting soil and sharp sand. Or use cactus-potting soil.

Fill a 4-inch pot with slightly damp potting soil for each rosemary cutting. Use a pencil to make a 3 to 4-inch hole into the soil. Place the cutting in the hole with care to avoid damaging the roots. Cover gently and water thoroughly.

Place the newly potted rosemary plant in indirect light or in filtered sunlight until roots become established, and then move to direct light, at least 6 to 8 hours per day. Keep the potting soil moist until you see new growth.

overhead image of rosemary plant

Let the new plants to put on some growth before harvesting. Once the plant is 6-inches tall, harvest by cutting stems as needed. New growth will continue forming on the stem. Rosemary grows slowly so don’t harvest more than 1/3 of the plant at one time.

How to Care for Rosemary Plants

Rosemary is a rather robust plant once it is established and growing. Here are some tips to keep your plant healthy and producing:

  • Grow in a sunny location. Rosemary thrives in 6-8 hours of direct sun in the summertime.
  • Water when the soil feels dry. Once established, rosemary likes to stay on the dry side. Allow top inch of soil to dry out between watering, and then water thoroughly.
  • Re-pot as the plant gets larger and the roots fill the container. A rosemary plant that grows in a container can reach 1 to 3 feet high. Just keep transplanting to a larger container when the roots fill the pot.
  • Prune rosemary frequently. The more you trim, the bushier the plant grows. Prune the plant after it flowers to keep it compact.

Tips for Growing Rosemary Indoors in Winter

Rosemary is native to Mediterranean climates so it prefers a hot, sunny, and humid atmosphere. Here are some tips for keeping your rosemary plants alive indoors during winter:

  • Quarantine: If you have houseplants, it is a good idea to quarantine your rosemary plants when you bring them indoors. Keep the plants in a separate location for a while to be sure there are no hitchhikers, pests, or disease.
  • Light: Locate your rosemary plants in a bright south-facing window. Alternatively, you can use grow lights and keep your plants happy during the winter months.
  • Water: Try to keep the potting mix evenly moist. Over watering will cause the plant to rot. If the soil is too dry, the plant will wither and die. Water when the soil dries out at the surface and let the extra moisture drain.
  • Temperature: Rosemary likes it a bit on the cooler side during the winter. Keep the plants away from heat sources and wood stoves. About 60 to 65 degrees is ideal.
  • Humidity: Winter heating keeps us warm, but it also saps moisture from the air and drops the humidity. Compensate by misting your rosemary plant frequently, running a humidifier, or placing your rosemary plant on a tray of pebbles and water to increase the humidity around your plant.
  • Pests and Diseases: Common pests for indoor rosemary plants are red spider mites, aphids, spittlebugs, and whiteflies. These pests suck on the plants and cause the foliage to wilt and dry up. Inspect your rosemary plants frequently for pests and control with organic insecticidal soapDiseases such as root rot, powdery mildew, and mold are all signs of too much moisture and poor air circulation. Allow the top inch of soil to dry out between watering, and then water thoroughly allowing extra water to drain out of the bottom of the pot. Run a fan to improve air circulation around your plants.
This article was originally published March 23, 2015. It has been updated with additional information, new photos, and video.

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96 Comments

  1. Hi Rachel,

    You say that in about 4-8 weeks you should know whether the rosemary cuttings have survived; this is a long time to see whether it has worked or not and then you have to start again, presumably. Could I put multiple cutting in jar of water to increase my chances of them rooting?
    Thank you for your article,

    Thanks
    Nick

  2. Rachel, I have 2 Rosemary plants growing outside all year long, I live near Charlotte North Carolina in zone 2B. The plants are planted next to a closed in porch with no heat. Maybe I am just lucky or just have real good Rosemary plants.
    Yours truly,
    Ben Taylor, Past President Gaston County Master Gardeners

  3. I have a rosemary “bush” in my garden. I’m constantly giving away cuttings for folks to propagate. This plant will have to be destroyed by fire, it’s so hardy. I live in Texas (zone 8)

  4. After reading all your ladies comments I realise how lucky I am. I live in Queensland Australia in a sub tropical zone. About 4 weeks ago I brought home a small branch of rosemary. I took pieces of the main stem with heels on (where the piece meets the main stem) and just stuck them in the ground. I had a look at them yesterday and everyone had a good root ball on. VERY HAPPY

  5. I have tried to grow rosemary several times but it always dies. One of the times that lasted the longest was a year plus but it barely grew. The last plant was store bought and lasted only a few weeks before it started to turn brown too. I suspect root rot but I always don’t know how much to water. What else could be the problem? By the way, I live in a hot tropical climate with tons of sun and rain.

    1. JL, I too suspect root rot from too much watering. Rosemary also absorbs moisture from the air. So your tropical climate is the perfect environment for it. Let the soil dry out in between waterings. The easiest way to tell is to stick your finger into the soil. If the top 1 to 2 inches of soil feels dry, it’s time to water. Let the water drain well through the bottom holes.

    2. Hello,
      I also live in a tropical climate, SW Florida. I bought a small cheap rosemary plant, put it outside in a good sized planter with potting soil, and watered it very infrequently. It is now a huge bush! I just left it in the sun, in the pot; it germinated and grew. When too big for the pot, I transplanted it and staked it in my yard, and now it is enormous! The thing just grew on its own! Sometimes the more you fuss over a plant the less it responds; this one is just that, self-growing!

  6. What a well written and helpful article. I have an old and established rosemary plant that I would like to make cuttings of, to grow on steep slope for erosion control. Is it possible to put the cuttings directly in to ground after they root? I live in Los Angeles and it is very warm and mild here.

    1. Sparklegem, You may want to keep an eye on the plants and let them grow in containers until they form a good root system before transplanting. They need more moisture when the roots are small, but should be fine to transplant once the plants mature a bit.

  7. We’ve been having issue of brown spots on the leaves / needles of rosemary plants. Any suggestions on how to fix it?

    1. Billy, many things can cause brown spots on rosemary leaves including disease, fungus, or spider mites. More likely, overwatering is the cause of leaves turning brown and dropping off. Rosemary prefers well-drained soil and moderate moisture conditions. Make sure your soil drains well and let the soil dry out between waterings.

  8. Hi. I’m Marva from Jamaica. I’m just beginning to try gardening as a new hobby. I went to the outdoor market today and saw some rosemary. I used to live in a place where almost everyone had a rosemary hedge. So I thought this would be a great project to try down here. Thank you so much for the simple step-by-step guide. I can’t wait to see how this’ll all turn out.

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